If you look at the quotation structure of Forex currency market, you will see something like USD/EUR or GBP/USD. These are the Forex currency pairs.
All Forex trades that involve buying of one currency and selling of another, are done in Forex currency pairs. E.g. you buy Euros with US Dollars anticipating that the price of Euro will increase in value relative to the US Dollar. So, when the Euro rises relative to Dollar, you sell it and make profits.
Common trading pairs
The Forex currency pair is a single unit, an instrument that is bought or sold in the forex market. Though there are many currency pairs available in a Forex trading system the most commonly traded Forex currency pairs are:
EUR/USD – Euro vs. U.S. Dollar
GBP/USD: British Pound vs. U.S. Dollar
USD/JPY: U.S. Dollar vs. Japanese YEN
USD/CHF: U.S. Dollar vs. Swiss franc
In the Forex currency pairs, the value of one currency is determined by its comparison to another currency. When the Forex currency pairs are quoted, the first currency is referred as base currency and the second currency is called counter or quote currency.
The base currency is always equal to 1 monetary unit of exchange (e.g. 1 EUR, 1 GBP, 1 USD). The currency pair shows how much of the quote currency is needed to purchase one unit of the base currency.
